Mass Percentage of Nitric Acid Calculation in Aqueous Solution

Calculation of Mass Percentage of Nitric Acid:

To calculate the mass percentage of nitric acid in the solution, we first need to determine the amount of nitric acid present in the solution. This can be done by using the molarity of barium hydroxide and the volume used to neutralize the nitric acid.

Given data:

Volume of barium hydroxide solution (V) = 10.1 mL = 0.0101 L

Molarity of barium hydroxide solution (M1) = 1.22 mol/L

Mass of sample solution = 8.85 g

Using the formula for calculating moles (n = M x V), we can find the moles of barium hydroxide:

n = 1.22 mol/L x 0.0101 L = 0.0123 mol

Since the reaction between nitric acid and barium hydroxide occurs in a 2:1 ratio, we can determine the moles of nitric acid present:

0.0123 mol of barium hydroxide = 0.00615 mol of nitric acid

Next, we need to convert the moles of nitric acid to grams:

Mass of nitric acid = moles x molar mass

Mass of nitric acid = 0.00615 mol x 63.012 g/mol (molar mass of nitric acid)

Mass of nitric acid = 0.387 g

Finally, we can calculate the mass percentage of nitric acid in the solution:

Mass percentage = (mass of nitric acid / mass of sample solution) x 100

Mass percentage = (0.387 g / 8.85 g) x 100

Mass percentage ≈ 4.37%

Therefore, the percent by mass of nitric acid in the given aqueous solution is approximately 4.37%.